Prevalence of cryptosporidium parvum with oxidative stress and antioxidant status in sucker cattle calves suffering from diarrhea.
Keywords:
Cryptosporidium parvum, Neonatal calves, Oxidative stress
Abstract
The study was carried on 160 newborn calves (140 calves suffering from diarrhea and 20 calves, clinical and laboratory healthy and used as a control group),classified according to age into three group; group A(2day-1month),group B (1month-2months) and group C(2months-3months),all calves selected from three different area according to the source of water, area 1(Deseret area),45 calves and used artesian water, area 2(Sewage area),50 calves and used sanitation water and area 3(Village area),45 calves and used Nile water. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of C. parvum, effect of water source on the prevalence of infection and summarize the cellular oxidant and antioxidant systems in newborn calves naturally infected. Fecal and blood samples were collected from all calves under the study for analysis ,the result revealed high percent of infection between calves(65%,44.44% and 20%) in area 2,3 and 1,respectively but in relation to age the result revealed that group A(26.66%,80.55% and 54.285) fallowed with group B(11.11%,16.66% and14.28%)in area 1,2 and 3 respectively, while group C revealed infection in area 2 only in ratio of 12.5%.Oxidative stress indicators revealed that highly significant increase in Malondialdehyed (2.99±0.11)with highly significant decrease in antioxidant parameters (Catalase and Superoxide dismutase enzymes),0.88±0.66 and 51.8±16.4,respectivelly.
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References
References;
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- Andreadis, A.A., Hazen, S.L., Comhair, S.A and Erzurum, S.C., (2003); Oxidative and nitrosamine events in asthma.Free Radic Biol Med. 2003; 35:213–225.
- Aebi, H.,(1984);Methods enzymol 105,121-126.
- Asami, S., Manabe, H., Miyake, J., Tsurudome, Y and Hirano, T.,(1997); Cigarette smoking induces an increase in oxidative DNA damage,8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, in a central site of the human lung. Carcinogenesis.1997; 18: 1763–1766.
- Bazeley, K., (2003); Farm Animal Practice: Investigation of diarrhea in three neonatal calves. In practice 25, 152- 159.
- Bjorkman,C.,Lindstromi,L.,Gwesoni,C.,Aholaz,H.,Trollz, K and Axen, C., (2015); Cryptosporidium infections in sucker herd beef calves. International Journal for Parasitology.35, 397–410.
- Blewett, D. A., (1989); Quantitative techniques in Cryptosporidium research, p. 85-96. In Angus .K. W. and Blewett .D. A. (ed.), Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Cryptosporidiosis. Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh.
- Blowey, R.W and Wieaver, A. D., (2003); Color Atlas of Diseases and Disorders of Cattle, second ed. Elsevier, pp. 14–20.
- Caccio, S.M and Pozio, E., (2006); Advances in the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of cryptosporidiosis. Expert. Rev. Anti. Infect. Ther.(4)429–443.
- Casemore, D.P., (1991); Laboratory methods for diagnosing cryptosporidiosis.
J. Clin. Pathol. 44, 445–451.
- Current, W. L and Garcia L. S.,(1991); Cryptosporidiosis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.4:325-358.
-Daudelin, J.F., Lessard, M., Beaudoin, F, Nadeau, A., Bissonnette, N., Boutin, Y., Brousseau J.P., Lauzon, K and Fairbrother, J.M., (2011); Administration of probiotics influences F4 (K88)-positive enter toxigenic Escherichia coli attachment and intestinal cytokine expression in weaned pigs. Vet Res, 42, 69, 2011. DOI: 10.1186/1297-9716-42-69 ز
- D'Antonio, R. G., Winn, R. E., Taylor, J. P., Gustafson, T. L., Current,W. L. Rhodes,M. W.Gary, J.r., and Zajac,A., (1985.); water-borne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in normal hosts. Ann. Intern. Med.J.103:886-888.
-Dhalla, N.S., Temsah, R.M and Netticadan, T., (2000); Role of oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases. J Hypertens. 2000; 18: 655–673.
-Entrala, E.C.,Mascaro and J. Barrett.,(1997); “Anti-oxidant enzymes in Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts,” Parasitology, vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 13–17, 1997.
- De la Fuente, R.,Garcia, A., Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria,J.A., Luzón, M.,Cid, D.; Garcia, S.,Orden.,J.A. and Gómez-Bautista, M., (1998):Proportional morbidity rates of enter-pathogens among diarrheic dairy calves in central Spain. . Prev. Vet. Med.(36)145–152.
- Fayer, R and Xiao, L., (2007). In: Fayer, Xiao (Eds.), Cryptosporidium and Cryptosporidiosis, second ed. CRC Press, 560 pp. Fayer, R.,(2010);Taxonomy and species delimitation in Cryptosporidium. Exp. Parasitol.124, 90–97.
- Fayer, R., and Ungar, B. L. P., (1986); Cryptosporidium spp. An cryptosporidiosis. Microbiol. Rev.50:458-483.
- Fayer, R., Gasbarre, L, Pasquali, P., Canals, A., Almeria, S and Zarlenga, D.,(1998) ; Cryptosporidium parvum infection in bovine neonates: dynamic clinical, parasitic and immunologic patterns. Int. J. Parasitol.1998, 28, 49-56.
-Gomez-Couso, H., Amar, C.F.L., Mc Lauchlin, J and Ares-Mazjs, E., (2005); Characterization of a Cryptosporidium isolate from water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) by sequencing of a fragment of the Cryptosporidium oocyte wall protein gene (COWP). Vet. Parasitol.J. 131, 139–144.
-Hayes, E. B., Matte, T. D., O'Brien T. R., McKinley, T. W., Logsdon, G. S. Fose, J. B., Ungar, L. P., Word, D. M., Pinsky, P. F., Cummings, M. S., Wilson, M. A., Long, E. G. Hurwitz, E. S. and Juranek, D. D.,(1987); Large community outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to contamination of a filtered public water supply. N. Engl. J. Med. 320:1372-1376.
- Jenner, P., (2003); Oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease. Ann Neurol. 2003; 53:
526–536.
-Joung, M., Yoon, S.., Choi, K., Kim, J.Y., Park, W.Y and Yu, J.R (2011); “Characterization of the thioredoxin peroxidase from Cryptosporidium parvum,” Experimental Parasitology, vol. 129, 4, pp. 331–336, 2011.
-Keithly, ,J. S., Langreth, S. G., Buttle, K. F. and Mannella ,C. A.,(2005); “Electron tomographic and ultra-structural analysis of the Cryptosporidium parvum relict mitochondrion, its associated membranes and organelles,” Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, vol.52, no. 2, pp. 132–140.
-Luginbuhl, A.., Reitt, K., Metzler, A..,Kollbrunner, M.,Corboz, L. and Deplazes, P.,(2005); Field study about prevalence and diagnostics of diarrhea causing agents in the newborn calf in Swiss veterinary practice area. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd 147, 245-252.
-Lobo, V., Patil, A., Phatak, A and Chandra, N., (2010); Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods: Impact on human health. Pharmacogn Rev, 4, 118-126, 2010. DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.7090.
-Madore, M. S., Rose,,J. B., Gerba, C. P., Arrowood ,M. J. and C. R. Sterling.,(1987); Occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocytes in sewage effluents and selected surface waters. J.Parasitol.73:702-705.
-Mercado, R., Buck, G., Manque, P and Ozaki, L., (2007); Cryptosporidium hominis infection of the human respiratory tract. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 1, 462–464.
- Neira, P., (2005); Acerca de Cryptosporidium spp en Chile. Rev. Med. Chile 133, 847–849.
-Ohklawa,H.,Ohishi, W and Yagi,K(1979) ; Anal.Biochmical,95,351.
- O'Donoghue P.J: (1995); Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis in man and animals. Int. J. Parasitol.1995, 25, 139-195.
-Petry, F., Jakobi, V and Tessema, T.S., (2010);Host immune response to Cryptosporidium parvum infection. Exp Parasitol, 126, 304-309. DOI:10.1016/j.exppara.2010.05.022.
- Podczasy, J..J and Wei, R., (1988);Reduction of iodonitrotetrazolium violet by superoxide radicals. Biochem Biophys Res Comm, 150, 1294-1301.DOI:10.1016/0006-291 (88)90770.
-Robertson, L. J., Björkman, C., Axén, C. and Fayer, R., (2014).; Cryptosporidiosis in farmed animals. In Cryptosporidium Parasite and Disease (ed. Caccio, S. M. and Widmer, G.), pp. 149–235. Springer-Verlag,Wien.
-Radostitis,O. M.,Gay,C.C.,Hincheliff,K.W and Constable,D.D.,(2007);Veterinary medicine.Atextbook of disease of cattle, horses, sheep, pig and goats 10thed Saunders, London, New york, Philadelphia, Sydney and Toronto.
-Sunnotel, O., Snelling, X., Moule, K., Moore, J.E., Cherie Millar, B., Dooley, ,J. S.G and Lowery, C.J., (2006); Rapid and sensitive detection of single Cryptosporidium oocysts from archived glass slides. J. Clin. Microbiol. 44, 3285–3291.
- Silverlas, C and Blanco-Penedo, I., (2013); Cryptosporidium spp.In calves and cows from organic and conventional dairy herds. Infection and Immunity 141, 529–539.
-Uga, S, Matsuo, J., Kono ,E.,Kimura, K., Inoue, M., Rai, S.K., Ono . K: (2000)'; Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection and pattern of oocyte shedding in calves in Japan. Vet. Parasitol.94, 27-32.
- Yoon, S. S.W.,Park, Y., and Yu, J.R.(2012); Recombinant thioredoxin peroxidase from Cryptosporidium parvum has more powerful antioxidant activity than that from Cryptosporidium muris,”Experimental Parasitology, vol. 131, no. 3, pp. 333–338, 2012.
- Valko, M., Rhodes, C.J., Moncol, ,J., Izakovic, M., Mazur, M., (2006); Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer. Chem Biol Interact. 160 :1–40.
-Weitz, J.C and Tassara, R., (1989); Diagnostico de la cryptosporidiosis: Estudio comparativo de las tinciones Ziehl-Neelsen y Safranina. Rev. Med.Chile 117, 899–902.
- Angus, K. W., (1989); Mammalian cryptosporidiosis: a veterinary perspective, p. 43-53.In Angus .K. W and Blewett, D. A., (ed.); Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Cryptosporidiosis. Moredun. Research Institute, Edinburgh.
- Andreadis, A.A., Hazen, S.L., Comhair, S.A and Erzurum, S.C., (2003); Oxidative and nitrosamine events in asthma.Free Radic Biol Med. 2003; 35:213–225.
- Aebi, H.,(1984);Methods enzymol 105,121-126.
- Asami, S., Manabe, H., Miyake, J., Tsurudome, Y and Hirano, T.,(1997); Cigarette smoking induces an increase in oxidative DNA damage,8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, in a central site of the human lung. Carcinogenesis.1997; 18: 1763–1766.
- Bazeley, K., (2003); Farm Animal Practice: Investigation of diarrhea in three neonatal calves. In practice 25, 152- 159.
- Bjorkman,C.,Lindstromi,L.,Gwesoni,C.,Aholaz,H.,Trollz, K and Axen, C., (2015); Cryptosporidium infections in sucker herd beef calves. International Journal for Parasitology.35, 397–410.
- Blewett, D. A., (1989); Quantitative techniques in Cryptosporidium research, p. 85-96. In Angus .K. W. and Blewett .D. A. (ed.), Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Cryptosporidiosis. Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh.
- Blowey, R.W and Wieaver, A. D., (2003); Color Atlas of Diseases and Disorders of Cattle, second ed. Elsevier, pp. 14–20.
- Caccio, S.M and Pozio, E., (2006); Advances in the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of cryptosporidiosis. Expert. Rev. Anti. Infect. Ther.(4)429–443.
- Casemore, D.P., (1991); Laboratory methods for diagnosing cryptosporidiosis.
J. Clin. Pathol. 44, 445–451.
- Current, W. L and Garcia L. S.,(1991); Cryptosporidiosis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.4:325-358.
-Daudelin, J.F., Lessard, M., Beaudoin, F, Nadeau, A., Bissonnette, N., Boutin, Y., Brousseau J.P., Lauzon, K and Fairbrother, J.M., (2011); Administration of probiotics influences F4 (K88)-positive enter toxigenic Escherichia coli attachment and intestinal cytokine expression in weaned pigs. Vet Res, 42, 69, 2011. DOI: 10.1186/1297-9716-42-69 ز
- D'Antonio, R. G., Winn, R. E., Taylor, J. P., Gustafson, T. L., Current,W. L. Rhodes,M. W.Gary, J.r., and Zajac,A., (1985.); water-borne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in normal hosts. Ann. Intern. Med.J.103:886-888.
-Dhalla, N.S., Temsah, R.M and Netticadan, T., (2000); Role of oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases. J Hypertens. 2000; 18: 655–673.
-Entrala, E.C.,Mascaro and J. Barrett.,(1997); “Anti-oxidant enzymes in Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts,” Parasitology, vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 13–17, 1997.
- De la Fuente, R.,Garcia, A., Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria,J.A., Luzón, M.,Cid, D.; Garcia, S.,Orden.,J.A. and Gómez-Bautista, M., (1998):Proportional morbidity rates of enter-pathogens among diarrheic dairy calves in central Spain. . Prev. Vet. Med.(36)145–152.
- Fayer, R and Xiao, L., (2007). In: Fayer, Xiao (Eds.), Cryptosporidium and Cryptosporidiosis, second ed. CRC Press, 560 pp. Fayer, R.,(2010);Taxonomy and species delimitation in Cryptosporidium. Exp. Parasitol.124, 90–97.
- Fayer, R., and Ungar, B. L. P., (1986); Cryptosporidium spp. An cryptosporidiosis. Microbiol. Rev.50:458-483.
- Fayer, R., Gasbarre, L, Pasquali, P., Canals, A., Almeria, S and Zarlenga, D.,(1998) ; Cryptosporidium parvum infection in bovine neonates: dynamic clinical, parasitic and immunologic patterns. Int. J. Parasitol.1998, 28, 49-56.
-Gomez-Couso, H., Amar, C.F.L., Mc Lauchlin, J and Ares-Mazjs, E., (2005); Characterization of a Cryptosporidium isolate from water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) by sequencing of a fragment of the Cryptosporidium oocyte wall protein gene (COWP). Vet. Parasitol.J. 131, 139–144.
-Hayes, E. B., Matte, T. D., O'Brien T. R., McKinley, T. W., Logsdon, G. S. Fose, J. B., Ungar, L. P., Word, D. M., Pinsky, P. F., Cummings, M. S., Wilson, M. A., Long, E. G. Hurwitz, E. S. and Juranek, D. D.,(1987); Large community outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to contamination of a filtered public water supply. N. Engl. J. Med. 320:1372-1376.
- Jenner, P., (2003); Oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease. Ann Neurol. 2003; 53:
526–536.
-Joung, M., Yoon, S.., Choi, K., Kim, J.Y., Park, W.Y and Yu, J.R (2011); “Characterization of the thioredoxin peroxidase from Cryptosporidium parvum,” Experimental Parasitology, vol. 129, 4, pp. 331–336, 2011.
-Keithly, ,J. S., Langreth, S. G., Buttle, K. F. and Mannella ,C. A.,(2005); “Electron tomographic and ultra-structural analysis of the Cryptosporidium parvum relict mitochondrion, its associated membranes and organelles,” Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, vol.52, no. 2, pp. 132–140.
-Luginbuhl, A.., Reitt, K., Metzler, A..,Kollbrunner, M.,Corboz, L. and Deplazes, P.,(2005); Field study about prevalence and diagnostics of diarrhea causing agents in the newborn calf in Swiss veterinary practice area. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd 147, 245-252.
-Lobo, V., Patil, A., Phatak, A and Chandra, N., (2010); Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods: Impact on human health. Pharmacogn Rev, 4, 118-126, 2010. DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.7090.
-Madore, M. S., Rose,,J. B., Gerba, C. P., Arrowood ,M. J. and C. R. Sterling.,(1987); Occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocytes in sewage effluents and selected surface waters. J.Parasitol.73:702-705.
-Mercado, R., Buck, G., Manque, P and Ozaki, L., (2007); Cryptosporidium hominis infection of the human respiratory tract. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 1, 462–464.
- Neira, P., (2005); Acerca de Cryptosporidium spp en Chile. Rev. Med. Chile 133, 847–849.
-Ohklawa,H.,Ohishi, W and Yagi,K(1979) ; Anal.Biochmical,95,351.
- O'Donoghue P.J: (1995); Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis in man and animals. Int. J. Parasitol.1995, 25, 139-195.
-Petry, F., Jakobi, V and Tessema, T.S., (2010);Host immune response to Cryptosporidium parvum infection. Exp Parasitol, 126, 304-309. DOI:10.1016/j.exppara.2010.05.022.
- Podczasy, J..J and Wei, R., (1988);Reduction of iodonitrotetrazolium violet by superoxide radicals. Biochem Biophys Res Comm, 150, 1294-1301.DOI:10.1016/0006-291 (88)90770.
-Robertson, L. J., Björkman, C., Axén, C. and Fayer, R., (2014).; Cryptosporidiosis in farmed animals. In Cryptosporidium Parasite and Disease (ed. Caccio, S. M. and Widmer, G.), pp. 149–235. Springer-Verlag,Wien.
-Radostitis,O. M.,Gay,C.C.,Hincheliff,K.W and Constable,D.D.,(2007);Veterinary medicine.Atextbook of disease of cattle, horses, sheep, pig and goats 10thed Saunders, London, New york, Philadelphia, Sydney and Toronto.
-Sunnotel, O., Snelling, X., Moule, K., Moore, J.E., Cherie Millar, B., Dooley, ,J. S.G and Lowery, C.J., (2006); Rapid and sensitive detection of single Cryptosporidium oocysts from archived glass slides. J. Clin. Microbiol. 44, 3285–3291.
- Silverlas, C and Blanco-Penedo, I., (2013); Cryptosporidium spp.In calves and cows from organic and conventional dairy herds. Infection and Immunity 141, 529–539.
-Uga, S, Matsuo, J., Kono ,E.,Kimura, K., Inoue, M., Rai, S.K., Ono . K: (2000)'; Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection and pattern of oocyte shedding in calves in Japan. Vet. Parasitol.94, 27-32.
- Yoon, S. S.W.,Park, Y., and Yu, J.R.(2012); Recombinant thioredoxin peroxidase from Cryptosporidium parvum has more powerful antioxidant activity than that from Cryptosporidium muris,”Experimental Parasitology, vol. 131, no. 3, pp. 333–338, 2012.
- Valko, M., Rhodes, C.J., Moncol, ,J., Izakovic, M., Mazur, M., (2006); Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer. Chem Biol Interact. 160 :1–40.
-Weitz, J.C and Tassara, R., (1989); Diagnostico de la cryptosporidiosis: Estudio comparativo de las tinciones Ziehl-Neelsen y Safranina. Rev. Med.Chile 117, 899–902.
Published
2018-05-31
How to Cite
Osman, F. A. (2018). Prevalence of cryptosporidium parvum with oxidative stress and antioxidant status in sucker cattle calves suffering from diarrhea. IJRDO-Journal of Agriculture and Research (ISSN: 2455-7668), 4(5), 20-31. https://doi.org/10.53555/ar.v4i5.2034
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